English C-Test B2: Artificial light at night

An English C-Test at B2 level: longer sentences with clauses and the passive, topics from study and society.

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25 gaps: 13 on grammar, 12 on vocabulary. Complete the second half of each word, then check; every answer with its explanation is under the text.

Artificial light at night

B2

In many parts of the world, the night sky is no longer really dark. Street la, illuminated si and l office buil produce a gl that c be se from f away, a in la cities on the brig stars rem visible. Th light poll is n only a pro for astro. Many ins are attr to la and cir around th until th die o exhaustion. In humans, too, bright light in the evening reduces the production of melatonin, a hormone that helps us fall asleep.

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Answers and explanations: Artificial light at night
  1. lamps Vocabulary

    "street lamps" = lights along a road; "lamps" = lights.

  2. signs Vocabulary

    "illuminated signs" = signs with lights in them.

  3. lit Grammar

    "lit" = with the lights on; participle of "light" used as an adjective. "large" also fits.

    Also correct: large

  4. buildings Vocabulary

    "office buildings" = buildings full of offices.

  5. glow Vocabulary

    "glow" = a soft, steady light.

  6. can Grammar

    "can be seen": modal passive, "can" + "be" + participle; "could" is also possible.

    Also correct: could

  7. seen Grammar

    Past participle of "see" (see – saw – seen) in the passive.

  8. far Grammar

    "from far away" = from a great distance.

  9. and Grammar

    Conjunction joining two parts of equal rank.

  10. large Vocabulary

    "large cities" = big cities.

  11. only Grammar

    "only the brightest stars"; "not only" = not just.

  12. brightest Grammar

    Superlative of "bright": "the brightest".

  13. remain Vocabulary

    "remain visible" = stay visible; plural, no -s.

  14. This Grammar

    "This light pollution" points back to what was just described.

  15. pollution Vocabulary

    "light pollution" = too much artificial light at night.

  16. not Grammar

    "not only … (but also)".

  17. problem Vocabulary

    "a problem for" someone.

  18. astronomers Vocabulary

    "astronomers" = scientists who study the stars.

  19. insects Vocabulary

    "insects" = small animals such as flies and moths.

  20. attracted Grammar

    Passive "are attracted to" = are pulled towards.

  21. lamps Vocabulary

    "street lamps" = lights along a road; "lamps" = lights.

  22. circle Vocabulary

    "circle around" = fly round and round.

  23. them Grammar

    Object pronoun "them" for the lamps (plural).

  24. they Grammar

    Subject pronoun "they"; it refers to the insects.

  25. of Grammar

    "die of" = die because of.

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